Gevorkyan, Aleksandr V. and David A. Grigorian. You might begin a discussion by asking students to share a word or a phrase from the testimony that resonanted. Often seen from the outside as a unified entity, the Armenian diaspora is quite diverse, with ideological and motivational breaks along geographic (both in terms of origins and destinations) and historical lines. Others established new settlements in the region or travelled to Africa (significantly Ethiopia), the United States, Canada, and Latin America. Despite these successes, more than two-thirds of diaspora Armenians who had invested in ventures in Armenia said they found the business climate unfavorable in the GIZ study, pointing to inefficient state administration, tax policy, and corruption as contributing factors. 7 Foreword Migration issues are topping up agendas of governments across the world, gaining prominence at regional and international conferences and fora. Though modified several times since, it has yet to be adopted by Parliament, leaving much of the policy to be derived from practice and subsidiary legislation. A century ago, Armenians fled to Syria to escape the genocide in the collapsing Ottoman Empire; now, they have been forced to abandon yet another country being torn asunder.
The history of the Armenian nation is a history of migrations, some voluntary but more often forced by external aggression. In 2001, the government drafted a Law on Regulation of Overseas Employment to ensure orderly departure and return and protect workers’ rights. Ancient Armenian communities often adapted well to their host countries, excelling in crafts, commerce, and education, and often rising in prominence in the arts, as military commanders, and even as emperors.
Lanham, MD: University Press of America. 202-266-1900. Available Online.
In recent years, the promise of diaspora has gained prominence globally as a policy tool for social and economic development. "It's thanks to UNHCR's assistance that these people are surviving.". The Legends of the Caucasus: Economic Transformation of Armenia and Georgia. Ter-Sarkisyants, Alla. The Armenian government estimates there are roughly 8-10 million ethnic Armenians worldwide, and about 6 million live outside the Republic of Armenia. Ketkar, Suhas and Dilip Ratha. Since 2000, the relationship between the old diaspora and Armenia has transformed from investments in Armenian companies and development projects from afar to increased interpersonal partnerships in the country. The Armenian Diaspora. Diaspora Investments and Firm Export Performance in Selected sub-Saharan African Countries. Ratha, Dilip and Sanket Mohapatra. Diaspora engagement is a critical element, however, in Armenia’s ongoing socioeconomic development. Furthermore, in 2007, the government amended the nationality law to accept dual citizenship and eased travel and residence requirements, allowing diaspora Armenians to reconnect with their homeland by participating in local elections if resident in the country and investing in land. The main remittance-sending country has been Russia, whose share increased from 72 percent in 2004 to 90 percent in 2011, while the U.S. share decreased from 14.5 percent to 3.7 percent over the same period, according to the Armenian central bank. Diaspora Bonds: Tapping the Diaspora During Difficult Times. 2004. Understanding Migration; Turning to Action; Inclusive Classrooms; Thinking Routines for a World on the Move.
On a broader scale, recently the new diaspora (mainly of early 1990s émigrés to Russia) has actively led larger philanthropic, educational, cultural, and infrastructure projects on par and in cooperation with the Western diaspora.
Gevorkyan, Aleksandr V., Arkady V. Gevorkyan, and Karine Mashuryan. The second migration wave jolted the diaspora from a focus on integration in the host country to an active political and economic engagement in the homeland.
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